Mastra

TypeScript framework for durable AI workflows and agents. Long-running tasks with automatic retries, checkpointing, and observability. Boundary case: also runs as a hosted platform, but the code is the entry point.

Graph-based agent framework from LangChain. Build stateful multi-actor applications as directed graphs where nodes are agents or tools and edges encode control flow. The default for anything that needs branching or human-in-the-loop.

Role-playing multi-agent framework in Python. Define agents with roles, goals, and tools; assemble them into crews that collaborate on tasks. Widely adopted as the default "let me try multi-agent" starting point.

OpenAI's official Python SDK for agents. Ships handoffs, guardrails, tracing, and a ReAct-style loop built around the Responses API. The reference for anyone starting on OpenAI models.

Type-safe agent framework from the Pydantic team. Structured outputs, dependency injection, and model-agnostic tool calls with Python type hints as the contract. First-class TypedDict validation of model output.

Build and evaluate agents with MCP, ACP, and A2A protocol support. Emphasis on the protocol layer so agents can talk to each other and to tool servers without bespoke plumbing.